In the course of eight weeks, the experimental group conducted two sessions and each 30-minute session to perform the brain gym exercises. To this end, 30 elder men were selected by the convenience sample method and randomly divided into two experimental (average mean: 85.7±4.41 years old) and control (average mean: 80.77☓.24 years old) groups. Methods: The present study method was semi-experimental with a pre-posttest design and a control group. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of brain gym exercises on the cognitive flexibility of the male elderly. This method can improve cognitive, psychological, and motor functions, including cognitive flexibility, self-confidence, self-esteem, coordination, and concentration. Brain exercises develop neural pathways in the brain through movement. Therefore, the exercises that improve the ability of cognitive flexibility are essential. Cognitive flexibility is considered an individual's ability to making equilibrium between psychological and well-being factors in hazardous conditions and decreases with aging.
Flexibility requires the ability to communicate with the present and differentiate oneself from thoughts and experiences within the psyche. Studies show that about 5% of people 65 and older have a severe cognitive impairment. Cognitive disorders are among the most common problems in old age and have an extensive range of problems. Introduction: The phenomenon of aging, according to the definition of the World Health Organization, refers to the age of 60, which is the result of the natural course of time, and leads to physiological, psychological and social changes in the elderly understanding the problems of aging is a challenge to any community.
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